This deepens Google's legal woes amid growing competition from rivals like OpenAI and Perplexity AI.

DuckDuckGo has urged the European Commission to open three investigations into Google's compliance with the EU's Digital Markets Act (DMA), alleging non-compliance with key obligations under the law.

In a blog post, the privacy-focused search engine outlined Google's obligations under the DMA, which include sharing anonymized click and query data, implementing choice screens, and allowing users to easily change default search settings.

"Unfortunately, Google is using a malicious compliance playbook to undercut the DMA," DuckDuckGo said. "Google has selectively adhered to certain obligations - often due to pressure from the Commission - while totally disregarding others or making farcical compliance proposals that could never have the desired impact."